防治害蟲的方法有很多，有農(nóng)業(yè)防治、物理防治、化學防治等，在溫度適宜的季節(jié)，害蟲繁殖速度很快，一般只需十幾天就可以繁殖一代，利用化學藥劑防治，就要定期噴施才能達到較好的防治效果，需要投入大量的人力和物力。利用防蟲網(wǎng)防治害蟲，可以做到一勞永逸，一次投資，多年使用。不但能減少勞動力投入，還可以降低農(nóng)藥投資成本，預防傳毒昆蟲傳播病毒，減少農(nóng)產(chǎn)品農(nóng)藥殘留，減少農(nóng)藥對環(huán)境的污染，是綠色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)中防治病蟲害的首選。
1、什么是防蟲網(wǎng)
防蟲網(wǎng)顧名思義就是用來防治害蟲的一種網(wǎng)，以聚乙烯為主要原料，在生產(chǎn)過程中添加防老化、抗紫外線等化學助劑，經(jīng)拉絲制造而成的網(wǎng)狀織物，具有拉力強度大、抗熱、耐水、耐腐蝕、耐老化、無毒無味、廢棄物易處理等優(yōu)點。能夠預防常見的害蟲，如蒼蠅、蚊子、蚜蟲、白粉虱、煙粉虱等刺吸式害蟲，還能有效防治棉鈴蟲、甜菜夜蛾、斜紋夜蛾、金龜子等成蟲的侵入。采用全新材料并且正確保管，使用壽命可達3～5年左右。
防蟲網(wǎng)不但具有遮陽網(wǎng)降溫的優(yōu)點，還能防蟲防病，大幅度減少農(nóng)藥使用量，是一種簡便、科學、有效的防蟲措施，是生產(chǎn)有機蔬菜的關鍵技術之一，在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上廣泛應用。
2、防蟲網(wǎng)主要作用
?。?）防治害蟲：利用防蟲網(wǎng)防治害蟲危害農(nóng)作物是最基本的作用，在農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)前，加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)，可阻止害蟲的侵入，有效阻止白粉虱、煙粉虱、葉蟬、飛虱、菜青蟲、小菜蛾、甘藍夜蛾、斜紋夜蛾、黃曲跳甲、猿葉蟲、蚜蟲等多種害蟲成蟲的侵入和為害。
?。?）調(diào)節(jié)溫濕度：在生產(chǎn)蔬菜、果樹、花卉等作物的大棚周圍、通風口等處加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)，不但能阻止害蟲的侵入，能減少土壤水分過度蒸發(fā)，降低田間溫度，尤其在炎熱的夏秋季，效果更加明顯。
?。?）降低風雨危害：夏秋季是狂風暴雨多發(fā)季節(jié)，對正在生長發(fā)育的作用危害極大，不但能造成倒伏，還會引起大量落花落果，加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)后，可大大減輕暴雨雨滴對葉片、花朵和果實的危害，降低大風對作物的危害。
?。?）預防裂果：低溫干燥容易造成裂果，在通風口加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)，利用致密的網(wǎng)眼，可以將冷風打散，降低冷風的勁頭，同時又不影響棚室正常的通風換氣。就能夠有效預防冷風直吹造成的果實皴裂以及葉片受傷。
?。?）預防病毒?。貉料x、白粉虱、煙粉虱等害蟲是最主要的傳毒害蟲，在危害作物的同時，還可傳播病毒，加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)后，有效阻止傳毒害蟲的危害和傳毒，大大降低病毒病的發(fā)生機會。
3、防蟲網(wǎng)的選擇
?。?）早春和晚秋季，防治以蚜蟲、白粉虱、煙粉虱、薊馬等蟲體較小的害蟲，可選用40～60目，蟲眼較密白色防蟲網(wǎng)，不但能有效阻止害蟲的侵入，還能增加光照，提高棚內(nèi)溫度。
（2）夏秋季，防治棉鈴蟲、甜菜夜蛾、斜紋夜蛾、小菜蛾、菜粉蝶等蟲體較大的害蟲，可用30～40目，蟲眼較稀的黑色防蟲網(wǎng)，即可有效阻止成蟲的侵入，還能加大通風量，有效降低棚內(nèi)溫度。
4、防蟲網(wǎng)的使用
?。?）溫室大棚使用：在蔬菜生長發(fā)育時期，在溫室大棚上覆蓋遮陽網(wǎng)，四周用泥土壓實，不但能有效阻止害蟲的侵入，減少害蟲的危害，還能預防大風、暴雨、高溫等對棚內(nèi)蔬菜的破壞，效果十分顯著。
?。?）小拱棚使用：在蔬菜育苗期間，在小拱棚上加蓋防蟲網(wǎng)，不但能有效阻止蚜蟲、白粉虱、煙粉虱、薊馬等刺吸式害蟲危害和傳播病毒，還能有效防止苗床干燥，澆水直接澆在防蟲網(wǎng)上，減少澆水對幼苗的傷害，降低猝倒病、立枯病等病害的發(fā)生。
通過以上內(nèi)容，大家對防蟲網(wǎng)有了比較全面的了解，在生產(chǎn)中，就可以根據(jù)自己的需要，選擇合適的防蟲網(wǎng)防治害蟲。
There are many ways to control pests,such as agricultural control,physical control,chemical control,etc.in the season with suitable temperature,the pest reproduction speed is very fast.Generally,it only takes more than ten days to breed one generation.Chemical control requires regular spraying to achieve better control effect,which requires a lot of manpower and material resources.The use of insect net to control pests can achieve once and for all,investment,and use for many years.It can not only reduce the labor input,but also reduce the investment cost of pesticides,prevent the transmission of virus by insect,reduce the pesticide residues of agricultural products,and reduce the environmental pollution caused by pesticides.It is the first choice for the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in the production of green agricultural products and organic agricultural products.
1.What is insect net
As the name suggests,insect proof net is a kind of net used to control pests.It takes polyethylene as the main raw material,adds anti-aging,anti ultraviolet and other chemical additives in the production process,and is made by drawing.It has the advantages of high tensile strength,heat resistance,water resistance,corrosion resistance,aging resistance,non-toxic and tasteless,and easy disposal of waste.It can prevent common pests,such as flies,mosquitoes,aphids,whitefly,Bemisia tabaci and other piercing and sucking pests,and can effectively control the invasion of cotton bollworm,beet armyworm,Spodoptera litura,Scarab and other adults.The service life can reach about 3-5 years with new materials and proper storage.
It is a simple,scientific and effective pest control measure.It is one of the key technologies in the production of organic vegetables.It is widely used in agricultural production.
2.Main functions of insect net
(1)Pest control:it is the most basic function to use insect net to prevent and control pests from harming crops.Before the production of crops,the insect prevention net can prevent the invasion of pests,and effectively prevent the invasion and damage of whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,leafhopper,planthopper,Pieris rapae,Plutella xylostella,Spodoptera litura,scarab beetle,leaf beetle and aphid.
(2)Regulating temperature and humidity:covering insect proof nets around the greenhouses and vents of vegetables,fruit trees,flowers and other crops can not only prevent the invasion of pests,but also reduce the excessive evaporation of soil moisture and reduce the field temperature,especially in the hot summer and autumn,the effect is more obvious.
(3)Reduce the harm of wind and rain:summer and autumn is a season of frequent storms,which has great harm to the growing and developing role.It can not only cause lodging,but also cause a large number of flowers and fruits.After the insect proof net is covered,the harm of rainstorm and raindrops on leaves,flowers and fruits can be greatly reduced,and the harm of strong wind to crops can be reduced.
(4)Prevention of fruit cracking:low temperature drying is easy to cause cracking.Covering insect proof net in the vent and using dense mesh can disperse the cold air,reduce the strength of cold air,and do not affect the normal ventilation and ventilation of the shed.It can effectively prevent fruit cracking and leaf injury caused by cold wind.
(5)Prevention of virus diseases:aphids,whitefly,Bemisia tabaci and other pests are the most important virus transmitting pests.They can spread viruses while harming crops.After covering the insect prevention net,the harm and transmission of virus pests can be effectively prevented,and the occurrence of virus diseases can be greatly reduced.
3.Selection of insect proof net
(1)In early spring and late autumn,40-60 mesh,dense eye and white insect net can be used to control small pests such as aphids,whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,thrips,etc.,which can not only effectively prevent the invasion of pests,but also increase the light and temperature in the greenhouse.
(2)In summer and autumn,the prevention and control of cotton bollworm,beet armyworm,Spodoptera litura,Plutella xylostella,Pieris rapae and other large insect pests can be prevented effectively by using 30-40 mesh black insect prevention net with sparse insect eyes,which can effectively prevent the invasion of adult insects,and increase the air volume to effectively reduce the temperature in the shed.
4.Use of insect proof net
(1)Use of greenhouse:during the growth and development of vegetables,covering the greenhouse with sunshade net and compacting the surrounding soil with soil can not only effectively prevent the invasion of pests,reduce the harm of pests,but also prevent the destruction of vegetables in the greenhouse by gale,rainstorm and high temperature.
(2)Use of small arched shed:during the period of vegetable seedling,covering insect net on the small arch shed can not only effectively prevent the harm of aphids,whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,thrips and other piercing sucking pests and spread virus,but also effectively prevent the seedling bed from drying,watering directly on the insect prevention net,reducing the damage of watering to seedlings,and reducing the occurrence of diseases such as damping off and Damping off.
Through the above content,we have a more comprehensive understanding of the insect net,in the production,we can choose the appropriate insect net to control pests according to our own needs.
