蔬菜大棚的發(fā)展已經(jīng)有些年頭了，但也發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多問題，害蟲是一件非常困難的事情，所以安裝防蟲網(wǎng)是非常必要的，有了它的存在，可以有效地防治害蟲。用防蟲網(wǎng)覆蓋后，菜青蟲、小菜蛾、蚜蟲等害蟲基本上可以避免。如果我們不加以重視，病毒的傳播將帶來災(zāi)難性的后果，尤其是蚜蟲傳播，危害極大。
蔬菜大棚安裝蚊帳可以切斷害蟲的傳播途徑，在一定程度上減少病毒的發(fā)生。還有調(diào)節(jié)溫度、土壤溫濕度的能力，在春秋兩季，用白色的防蟲網(wǎng)覆蓋，可以達到很好的保溫效果，可以有效減少霜凍的影響。夏天一般用黑色和銀灰色的防蟲網(wǎng)防曬降溫。另外，防蟲網(wǎng)能防止部分雨水落入大棚，降低田間濕度，也能減少晴天蔬菜溫室的水分蒸發(fā)。最后，陰影效果很好。強光會抑制蔬菜特別是葉菜類蔬菜的正常生長，防蟲網(wǎng)能起到一定的遮蔭作用。
在使用溫室防蟲網(wǎng)的過程中，必須注意幾個注意事項，以便在使用過程中發(fā)揮良好的使用效果。那么，我們應(yīng)該注意哪些問題呢？讓我們給你介紹一下。
1溫室防蟲網(wǎng)的選擇首先要考慮網(wǎng)目數(shù)、網(wǎng)目顏色和網(wǎng)目寬度。如果網(wǎng)目數(shù)過小，網(wǎng)目過大，則不會起到防蟲的效果；如果網(wǎng)目數(shù)過小，可以防蟲，但通風(fēng)不良，造成高溫和過度遮蔭，不利于農(nóng)作物生長。一般選用22-24目蚊帳。春、秋季與夏季相比，氣溫較低，光照較弱，應(yīng)選用白色防蟲網(wǎng)；夏季，應(yīng)選擇黑色或銀灰色防蟲網(wǎng)，以考慮遮蔭和降溫；在蚜蟲和病毒病發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)，應(yīng)使用銀灰色防蟲網(wǎng)，以驅(qū)除蚜蟲，預(yù)防病毒性疾病。
2為保證覆蓋質(zhì)量，防蟲網(wǎng)應(yīng)全封閉、覆土嚴(yán)密，并用壓膜線固定牢固；大中型大棚、溫室的門必須安裝防蟲網(wǎng)，進出時注意立即關(guān)閉。棚架的高度應(yīng)明顯高于拱形小棚內(nèi)作物的高度，以防害蟲在植物葉片上進食或產(chǎn)卵。用于密封通風(fēng)口的防蟲網(wǎng)與透明蓋之間不得有空隙，以免給害蟲留下通道。隨時檢查、修補防蟲網(wǎng)的孔洞和縫隙。
三。種子、土壤、塑料大棚或溫室骨架和框架材料可能含有蟲卵。蔬菜種植前對種子、土壤、棚架骨架和骨架材料進行防蟲網(wǎng)處理，是保證防蟲網(wǎng)覆蓋栽培效果的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。
The development of vegetable greenhouses has been some years,but also found a lot of problems,pest is a very difficult thing,so the installation of insect net is very necessary,with its existence,can effectively prevent pests.After covered with insect proof net,the pests of Pieris rapae,Plutella xylostella and aphids can be basically avoided.If we do not pay attention to it,the spread of the virus will bring disastrous consequences,especially aphid transmission,which is very harmful.
The installation of insect nets in vegetable greenhouses can cut off the transmission path of pests and reduce the incidence of virus to a certain extent.There is also the ability to adjust the temperature,soil temperature and humidity,in the spring and autumn,with the white insect net cover,which can achieve good insulation effect,can effectively reduce the impact of frost.In summer,black and silver gray insect proof nets are generally used to protect the sun and cool down.In addition,the insect proof net can prevent part of the rainwater from falling into the shed,which will reduce the field humidity,and also reduce the water evaporation in the vegetable greenhouse on sunny days.Finally,the shading effect is good.The strong light will inhibit the normal growth of vegetables,especially leafy vegetables,and the insect proof net can play a certain role in shading.
In the process of using the greenhouse insect proof net,we must pay attention to several points for attention,so as to play a good use effect in the process of use.So,what problems should we pay attention to?Let's introduce it to you.
1.First of all,the mesh number,color and width of the mesh should be considered in the selection of insect proof net in greenhouse.If the mesh number is too small and the mesh is too large,it will not have the effect of pest control;if the mesh number is too small,it can prevent insects,but the ventilation is poor,resulting in high temperature and excessive shading,which is not conducive to the growth of crops.Generally,22-24 mesh insect net should be selected.In spring and autumn,compared with summer,the temperature is lower and the light is weaker,so white insect net should be selected;in summer,black or silver gray insect prevention net should be selected to give consideration to shading and cooling;in areas where aphids and virus diseases occur seriously,silver grey insect prevention net should be used in order to drive away aphids and prevent virus diseases.
2.To ensure the quality of covering,the insect proof net should be completely closed and tightly covered with soil,and firmly fixed with pressure film line;the doors of large and medium-sized sheds and greenhouses must be installed with insect proof nets,and attention should be paid to close them immediately when entering and leaving.The height of the trellis should be significantly higher than that of the crops in the small arched shed,so as to prevent the pests from eating or laying eggs on the leaves of the plants.There should be no gap between the insect proof net used for sealing the vent and the transparent cover,so as to avoid leaving passage for the pest.Check and repair the holes and gaps in the insect proof net at any time.
3.The seeds,soil,plastic shed or greenhouse skeleton and frame materials may contain pests and eggs.It is the key link to ensure the effect of insect proof net covering cultivation that the seeds,soil,shed skeleton and frame materials should be treated with insect control net before planting vegetables.
